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History (4)

grave stone of Private Edwin Cook

2 min read

Edwin Victor Cook - Indigenous War Hero

Edwin Cook was born in Alert Bay, the home of the Namgis First Nations in 1897. He was the fifth of 16 children born to Jane and Stephen Cook. Jane...

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football sitting on the field

4 min read

Let’s Not Make Reconciliation a Political Football

Power is in tearing human minds to pieces and putting them together again in new shapes of your own choosing. George Orwell, 1984

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a gang of elk

4 min read

Rise of Indigenous Traditional Knowledge in Environmental Assessments

There are more and more articles in the news about the value of Indigenous traditional knowledge being taken into account in climate change studies,...

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totem poles in Alert Bay, BC, 1920

3 min read

Canada’s Complicated History with First Nation Totem Poles

Canada has a complicated history with the totem pole. Totems have been misunderstood, coveted, stolen, quashed, copied, and celebrated. The first...

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coins

3 min read

Why Canada Needs Indigenous Economic Reconciliation

Trade and specialization were common to First Nations in Canada and throughout the Americas in the pre- and early contact periods. Moreover, public...

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rock tower in stream

3 min read

Smudging to Indigenous Protocol - Our Top 10 Articles in 2017

In 2017, we had just over 816,000 visitors to our blog Working Effectively with Indigenous Peoples® looking for information on a wide variety of...

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Dene man in a birch bark canoe

3 min read

Indigenous Trade Networks Thrived Long Before the Arrival of Europeans

There used to be millions of us. Although there were no population counts, best estimates suggest that there were at least 40 million of us in the...

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Tom Longboat. Photo: Canada's Sports Hall of Fame / Library and Archives Canada / PA-050294.

8 min read

National Indigenous Peoples Day  21+ Important Indigenous People to Celebrate

To celebrate National Indigenous Peoples Day on June 21 we have compiled a list of 21+ important Indigenous people from all walks of life. It is a...

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Dene children in hospital

4 min read

A Brief Look at Indian Hospitals in Canada

We would like to acknowledge that this article was framed from the research and writing of authors Maureen Lux (Separate Beds: A History of Indian...

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ships at sunset

3 min read

The Impact of Smallpox on First Nations on the West Coast

The Bostonian Robert Kemp, on the brig Otter just north of the Queen Charlotte Islands in December 1810, reported that "the Natives are all infected...

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